Κατηγορία: Όμιλος Μαθηματικών

Γεωμετρικές κατασκευές με κανόνα και «σκουριασμένο» διαβήτη !

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poncelet%E2%80%93Steiner_theorem

Κατασκευή Παράλληλης από σημείο εκτός ευθείες προς δοσμένη ευθεία ΑΒ με δοσμένο μέσο του ΑΒ

Δείτε την κατασκευή στο παρακάτω gifακι:

https://www.geogebra.org/geometry/mxvcjzuw?embed

Κατασκευή κάθετης προς ευθεία από δοσμένο σημείο.

https://www.geogebra.org/classic/zzquanan

Κατασκευή steiner ευθυγράμμου τμήματος σε δοσμένη ευθεία, με το μέσο του

https://www.geogebra.org/classic/becnhq6t

Κατασκευή Steiner παράλληλης από δοσμένο σημείο σε διάμετρο δοσμένου κύκλου.

https://www.geogebra.org/classic/mftdyqv3

The Poncelet-Steiner theorem says

Everything you can construct with a straightedge and a compass you can construct by the straightedge alone, provided you are given a circle and its center.

Motivated by Mascheroni’s result ↑ J.V.Poncelet conjectured this results in 1812��[1]��and it was proved by J.Steiner [2]��in 1833.

It can be shown that the constructions cannot be done by straightedge alone [3] . By the straightedge alone only the so called linear constructions can be done. For instance, using the straightedge alone, without a circle given, is not sufficient to construct square roots. Even simpler constructions as to half a straight line segment are impossible by the straightedge alone. Another example is the result known as Steiner’s theorem:

Steiner’s Theorem: It is impossible to find the center of a given circle with the straightedge alone.

The basic idea of the following proof goes back to Hilbert. If such a construction would be possible, then it would be preserved by projective transformations.��This due to the basic properties of projective transformation which preserve lines, objects constructible by the straightedge. On the other hand, the circle as a conic section is transformed to a conic section in general.��Even worse, the conjugate diameters ¹ of a conic section pre-image may not be transformed to the conjugate diameters of the image. Consequently, the center of circle is not projected to the center of the image.

Πηγή: http://www.cs.cas.cz/portal/AlgoMath/Geometry/PlaneGeometry/GeometricConstructions/PonceletSteinerTheorem.htm

Άρθρο Poncelet-Steiner

33-Poncelet-Steiner-Theorem

Επιπλέον πηγές

http://www.cs.cas.cz/portal/contents.htm

Geogebra: https://www.geogebra.org/m/e4hHkzpa